Mode of constbtjcting stoves



3 Sheet's-Sheet 1.

J. MILLER.

Heating Stove.

Patented Oct. 16, 1838.

3 Sheets-Sheet '3.

' J. "MILLER.

Heating Stove.

. Patented Oct. 16, 1838.

' v UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE. 1

JAMES MILLER, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

MODE CONSTRUCTING STOVES.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 981, dated October 16, 1838.

7 To all whom it may concern:

annexed drawings, of which Be it known that I, JAMES MILLER, of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Constructing Air-Heating Stoves; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description, with references to the Figure I. respresents the whole stove, without pipe, in an upright position; Fig. II. represents the same, as it would appear in a horizontal position, or as it would appear if viewed from below; Fig. III. represents the fire cylinder, its heat conductors, andthe internal cover; Fig. IV. represents a vertical and longitudinal section of the case, and external cover; and the two courses which the smoke may take through the hot air chamber; Fig. V. represents a cylindrical hot-air valve or damper, for the case; Fig. VI. represents a cylindrical cold-air valve or damper, for the base; Fig. VII. represents theinternal cover viewed vertically;

Fig. VIII. represents a part sometimes sepsents the horizontal plate viewed vertically;

arate from the fire cylinder; Fig. IX. repre- Fig. X. represents a thermometric apparatus which may be'usedj In the drawings, for similarparts, like letters of reference are used. The base (H'II, Figs. I. and II.) is made of cast or sheet iron, and has its lateral cir- -cumference of any form, oval, circular, or

angular. But with the damper belonging to it, it forms a perfect lateral inclosure; and within is open, from the floor up to the horizontal plate. It has laterally one or more openings (K.) for admitting the cold air of'the room; each having a valve of some kind, to graduate the air, or wholly exclude it, as circumstances may require. When the base is circular, as represented in the drawings, it may have a cylindrical damper, (as it h. Fig. VI), (or like that represented by Fig. V.), of a sizetofit the base, and with openings to correspond, and with knobs to support and move it. If the base should not be circular, but square or angular, then each side having the opening or openings, is furnished separately with its valve ordamper, which may be in any form that is used, either that of :a door, or of a slide. The construction of the base, its arrangement with the floor, and its combination with the horizontal plate orpart above,

are such as to form a cold air chamber into which, the air to be heated may come from the room entirely; or from without entirely, through an opening, in the floor, concealed pnder the stove; or from both, at the same nne.

The horizontal plate (A. Figs. I. II. and

IX.) is cast iron, and sits uponfth e base.

ts central part (A A.) is the floor of the ash chamber; around which is a beadraised (b b.) to receive the fire cylinder. Around this bead are openings (a a.) for air from the cold-air chamber to pass up; andbetween are connecting parts (a) strengthenmg the central par l The fire cylinder (r, 7'. Fig. III.) is cast iron, and as constructed, does not require any internal lining to preserve it the com ductors attached, being such, as to transfer to themselves the portion of heat, commonly kept within, by the non-conducting nature of the lining, usually employed. At the base ofit 15 an opening (V.) ,to the ash chamber,

to admit air to the fire. A drawer may be used in it, if required, to receive the ashes parts, projecting from the cylinder or body containing the fire, and extend perpendicularly, from a point lower than the fire, to a height of a few inches above it; or they may extend to the top of the cylinder; but the former, in general, is all that isrequisite.

Their thickness where joined to the main body is about three eighths of an 'inch, and gradually less out to their edge, giving each one the appearance of a wedge or blade.

Their width, or the distance between the edge and where joined to the cylinder, is usually about two inches, 01' two inches and a half. Some of them are made to extend substantial support, In th 1r design and efout, to the sheet iron caszito give it more feet, they are essentially 'fi'erent from all kinds of fines, operating and beingdesigned only as conductors of heat. Each, independent of the rest, first conducts heat from in) i the cylinder, andthen imparts the heat by transmission, from its two sides, to the body of air between the cylinder and the case; which body of air is confined laterally by the case, the same Without the conductors, as with them.

injurious efiects above named, attending the 7 operation of convoluted and spiral conductors.

Although the term fire cylinder is employed, for the body containing the fire, yet

' the above description is designed to apply, not only to the cylindric form, but likewise to the square, and every other form, to which the perpendicular flange heat conductors may be attached. The grate may be any of the kinds in use.

The internal cover, (T, t, Figs. III. and VII.) for the fire cylinder, is cast iron; with a projection covering the top of the fuel opening. The central part has an opening and collar (2525.) for the smoke pipe. 7

The case (B, Figs. I, and II,) is the external part surrounding the heated air, the fire cylinders, and its heat conductors. It is usually sheet-iron, having its lower edge resting upon the horizontal plate around the openings (a 04,) which admit the air between the case and cylinder. It extends to a 7 height, of about tenor twelve inches, above that of the internal cover, so as to form the surrounding part of the hot air chamber,-

(as shown by Fig. IV.) At its base is a door (G,) to the ash chamber; and above it a door (F,) to the fuel opening; each secured by hinges (f f,) and acatch handle (g). A'little higher than the internal cover, is an opening and collar (M,) in diameter, corresponding tothat'of the opening of the said cover, designed to accommodate either the smoke pipe, or a pipe to take hot air from the room. If used for the latter purpose, it is provided with a damper (0,) and with a handle 0,) to its axis, outside the to let out hot air into the room; and for collar; designed as a thermometric damper, to regulate'the temperature of the room; or as one, simply to regulate the escape of hot air, to other apartments. In and around the case, near the top, are openings (N N,)

these, a damper (N 11,) is provided, fitting the case, with openings to correspond,'a nd knobs (01,) passing through the case, to support and move it, (namely, thedamper.) A sectional view of this damper is represented, by Fig. V, of which the letter m, represents the openings, corresponding to those of the case, referred to by the letter (N). sliding this so as to close the hot air openings, the stove maybe made to act as a common radiating one; or the air heated within be wholly taken off from the room, to warm other apartments. If the case should be otherwise than cylindrical or round, for each side having the openingor openings, a slide valve or damper, with correspondent openings, may be used.

The external cover (C, D, E, Figs. I, II, and IV,) is sheet or. cast iron, and is supported by the case. It covers the hot air chamber; and if the smoke pipe passes through the side,-the elbow= may be used Within, and concealed by the cover. It projects around and fro'm'the top of the case about three inches; and then forms a rim ((3,) extending downward about four inches. openings of the case,,and give thehot air flowing out, a downward direction, by which it is better mixed and diitused. The central part has an opening a collar (15,). which also corresponds to that of the internal cover; being for the same purpose as the to accommodate either the smoke pipe, or a pipe to take hot air from the room.

Fig. IV, represents the two courses which M,) may be used for the smoke pipeto pass through and the other be used for a pipe to take hot air from the room; as each, heretofore, separately described.

A thermometric apparatus may be at- This projection and rim conceal the I opening and collar (M) at the-side; namely,

tached to the axis of the damper (0,) to V turn it open, and let the hot air escape from they room, Whenever its temperature exceeds any desired degree; instead of doing it by hand. Being represented in the drawing,

the following is given as a description thereofrA connecting rod, .(L,'Figs'. I, II, and X,) attached and secured to the axis of the damper, by a pinor screw (Z,) extends vertically downward, nearly to thehorizontal plate; where, by another pin or screw it is connected to another rod (P,) extending in the same line'down to a small plate (0 0,) which-is on thefioor, and in which it may turn by a point or pivot. Immediately below the plate, through which it passes, it is provided with a cog wheel, and at the small plate (0 0,) with a coil spring, to keep the damper closed, against a pin (2 2,) in

the collar (M,) until opened by the effect of a too high degree of temperature. In the horizontal plate, and near the rod last named, is a thermometric scale (W,) graduated with the higher degrees more remote from the rod, and having a narrow opening in the middle. To slide on the scale (of degrees), is an index (M2,) connected through i the narrow opening, to one end of a cog bar (X,) so that when one moves, the other must. At one side of the bar are small cogs (00,) to act with the cog wheel of the connecting rod. A vessel (W W,) containing mercury or some metallic fluid, is placed in a line with the bar, beyond the perpendicular rod, in a current of air, as it flows in from the room into the stove; and secured to the under side of the horizontal plate, by a flange (a; w,) where, by its situation, its temperature will correspond to that, of the air of the room. Proceeding from this, toward the bar, is a short tube, with a flange; to which, by a flange (w m,) similar, a piston tube (Y,) is attached; with a thin cover of india rubber (or gum elastic) between, to confine the fluid, and secure all its expansive power. A small piston rod (y,) placed in the tube, and drawn by a coil spring (p 39,) against the cover of the fluid, will complete the apparatus. To set it, for the degree of temperature wanted: Loose the connecting rod; and closing the damper, move the in l dex to the proper degree; then fasten'the rod. 7

I do not claim either of the parts of t is stove taken individually, but

I do claim The said stove, as the respective parts have been combined and arranged by me; that is to say, a stove having a base constituting a chamber for the admission of cold air from the room, or from without the apartment, governed by valves or dampers, as set forth, the air thus admitted passing up between a double shell, or case; having thin perpendicular heat conductors attached externally to the surface of the inner cylinder; and these I claim in combination with the collared opening at the top, so arranged that the smoke pipe may pass either through the top of the stove, or laterally, and the heated air if desired, beconductecl to other apartments; and in combination also with the projecting cover, or top, descending and covering the openings for admitting heated air, which openings are regulated by valves, or dampers. The whole constructed and combined substantially as set forth.

Witnesses:

JOHN H. TrrooMs, HENRY BISHOP.

JAMES MILLER. I 

